Which of the following is an ethical theory that focuses on the intentions behind actions?

Deontology is an ethical theory that emphasizes the importance of the motives or intentions behind actions rather than the consequences of those actions. It is based on the belief that certain moral principles or duties must guide human behavior, and that adhering to these principles is what makes an action morally right. This focus on intentions allows for a clear understanding of moral obligations and the idea that individuals have a responsibility to act according to their moral duties, regardless of the outcomes that may result.

In nursing, this approach is critical as it encourages professionals to consider their intentions in patient care, ensuring that they act in a way that is consistent with ethical duties, like truthfulness, fidelity, and respect for patient autonomy. It underlines the notion that the ethical quality of actions is fundamentally linked to the motivations and moral principles guiding those actions. This contrasts with other ethical frameworks that may prioritize outcomes or virtues over intentions.